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A complicated course of a diaphragmatic hernia can result in the development of reflux esophagitis, a very dangerous disease, accompanied by a constant ingress of gastric juice into the lumen of the esophagus. With prolonged exposure to concentrated hydrochloric acid, which is part of the digestive juice, malignant degeneration of the cells of the mucous membranes of the esophageal tube can occur, which is fraught with the occurrence of pathological neoplasms and the development of cancer.

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In case of untimely diagnosis and with erroneous treatment tactics, a hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm can provoke the appearance. Reflex angina. Perforation of the esophageal tube. Peptic ulcers of the esophagus and stomach. Various forms (erosive, catarrhal, ulcerative) esophagitis. Cicatricial stenosis of the esophagus. Hiatus hernia is a pathology in which the lower part of the esophagus or stomach is displaced from the peritoneum to the thoracic region. The disease occurs for various reasons, is accompanied by unpleasant symptoms, and also often requires surgical intervention.

Doctors distinguish 4 stages of hiatal hernia.

Hernia in children most often develops due to congenital disorders. For example, a baby is born already with an incorrect location of the stomach relative to the thoracic region. In such a situation, the problem is solved exclusively surgically. In adults, the development of axial (hiatal) or other HH occurs under the influence of the following factors. The cause of the increased pressure may be the following. Hiatus hernia is rare, mainly observed in older people, but can occur in young people and even in children. Diaphragmatic hernia of the esophagus occurs in several degrees, which differ from each other in how much volume of the stomach or esophagus penetrates into the chest cavity.

This is the first degree, in which the abdominal esophagus, cardia, enters the thoracic region.

These organs are located at the diaphragmatic level, and the stomach is adjacent to the diaphragm itself. Cardiac. This is the second stage, also characterized by penetration into the chest cavity of the abdominal part of the esophagus. The only difference is that the stomach enters a little into the esophageal region of the diaphragmatic region. Cardiofundal. This is the third degree, in which the abdominal esophagus, cardia and part of the stomach are located above the diaphragm. Giant. This is the fourth, most pronounced stage, which is distinguished by the raising of all gastric parts above the diaphragmatic section.

Knowing what it is HH 1,2,3 and 4 degrees, the doctor can determine how severe the disease is, what treatment tactics to choose in order to achieve the desired effect.

The disease differs not only in severity, but also in types. Scientists divided them on the basis of anatomical features. There are the following types of pathology. There are also cases when a person develops two types of the disease at once, then they make a diagnosis - a mixed type of hiatal hernia. With a hiatal hernia, symptoms may not appear for a long time. Therefore, doctors often detect the disease quite by accident during an examination for another pathology. It is also possible the manifestation of some basic signs that are characteristic not only for a hernia, but also for other disorders in the functioning of the digestive organs. Therefore, very often people simply do not pay attention to them.

Among these symptoms of diaphragmatic hernia, heartburn can be distinguished first of all.

This is a common symptom, it differs in severity, patients complain of a strong burning sensation behind the chest. Basically, this phenomenon is observed in such cases. The occurrence of heartburn should be a serious reason to see a doctor and check the condition of the gastrointestinal tract, as it is an early sign of malfunctions in the functioning of the digestive organs. In addition to burning, hiatal hernia worries about the following clinical manifestations.

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